Osteochondrosis of the lumbar region is a common disease.This is a consequence of the degenerative process in which the intervertebral disc is suffering: tissue food worsens, the disk is thinner, hardening and does not perform the function of absorbing shock.As a result, the distance between the vertebrae decreases, and the spinal and nerve endings are fixed, the dysfunction of the pain and organs occurs.
The intervertebral disc is an anatomical formation formed on the disk that ensures the mobility and elasticity of the spine.The disk consists of a pulposal core surrounded by a fibrous ring.The pulposal core quickly absorbs and gives water, which is important to maintain the discovered pressure inside.All degenerative-district diseases of the spine, which include osteochondrosis, begin with the gradual dehydration of the pulposa nucleus.
Causes of lumbar osteochondrosis
Lumbar osteochondrosis develops as a result of a number of reasons:
- Regular high load at the bottom of the back.At risk, athletes and people who are forced to remove weights at work.
- A sedentary lifestyle.Without moderate physical activity, muscle corset weakens, blood circulation worsens and metabolic processes in the spine slow down.
- Excess weight.The consequences of overweight - an increase in pressure in the spinal column, premature coating of intervertebral discs.
- Disordishes of sample.With a hinged spine or excessive deviation in the lower back, the rear muscles are weak, or vice versa, tense.The load on the back is unevenly distributed.
- Trauma and spine microtrauma.They can provoke sports, especially without proper preparation, incorrect weight lifting, bruises, falls, etc.
When lifting weights, the following procedure should be noticed:
- meeting, right;
- Take the load as close to the body as possible;
- When you set up first of all, you need to strain your leg muscles (feet, hips);
- Then strain the press;
- Finally, the wrist muscles begin to function.
- Age distribution changes in the back are part of the aging process, but now such a diagnosis is made more and more on faces 25-30 years and even adolescents.
- Inheritance.Violations in the development of the muscular frame and the weak structure of the intervertebral discs can be genetically predetermined.
- Inflammatory diseases of the spine.Infections and diseases that cause inflammation of the spine joints, changes in the structure and its form can provoke the development of osteochondrosis.
Other causes provoking lumbar osteochondrosis:
- congenital or acquired violations in the structure of the skeleton;
- frequent hypothermia;
- high level of stress;
- Improper food;
- violation of the day regime;
- unpleasant pose for a long time;
- failure in the endocrine system;
- diseases of other organs;
- Bad ecology.
Lumbari osteochondrosis stages
The lumbar back osteochondrosis develops gradually, going through four stages.
The first stage is the beginning of the degenerative process in the back.Rare dumb pain in the lower back, which manifest especially when lifting weights or difficult movements are characteristic.
In the 2nd phase, the fibrous disc rings are destroyed and the vertebrae are joined, the nerve endings of the spinal cord are compressed.The pain becomes severe, it also happens with ordinary walking.
In the 3rd stage, fibrous rings are eventually destroyed, intervertebral hernia appears.Intense pain is constantly felt, regardless of the load and nature of the movements.
In the 4th stage, the cartilage is atrophied, and the bone tissue of the vertebrae in the lumbar region increases, adapting to pain.The lumbar region loses flexibility, it is difficult to move the patient, disability can occur.
Symptoms of lumbar osteochondrosis
Lumbar osteochondrosis develops slowly, in the early stages its symptoms are poorly expressed, rarely manifest and only after excess or atypical load.Therefore, many do not attach any importance to them.As a rule, the disease is diagnosed only in the second stage.
Symptoms are divided into the following types:
- Lumbalgia - painful pain in the lumbar region, which lasts constantly.It is improved by tendencies, curves, physical activity and hypothermia.Relief brings rest to the back, so the patient is forced to be more at home.
- Lumbago - acute, severe pain, like a "change".To protect yourself from it, the back muscles are reflexively compressed in a spasm, a person involuntarily takes a safe position.With each movement, the pain intensifies, radiates to the pelvic organs, the area of the sacrum and abdomen.If such symptoms are observed, resting in bed is recommended.
- Lumbosicishialgia - pain with spreading in the buttocks, one or both feet.The sensitivity of the lower extremities is changing, both in the larger and the smallest direction, depending on the back of which was nervous.The lower the location of the degenerative changes, the lower the symptoms in the foot: muscle mobility and tendon reflexes will decrease, sensations of cold or heat, burning, sensitivity, sensitivity.
Osteochondrosis is a chronic disease, periodically going through an acute and subacute phase.The pain in the acute phase can last for several weeks.
During the disease, symptoms can occur in the complex, the following syndromes occur:
- Rook syndrome.The nerve endings (roots) are squeezed by the vertebrae, in an area associated with the affected nerve, the pain appears.The body tries to protect the nerve, strains the muscles, changes behavior (skew on the opposite, healthy).
If treatment does not begin to start treatment in time, after irritation of the roots, their inflammation will follow, accompanied by edema, blood stagnation and even intoxication.Muscle tone decreases, the patient can hardly move.If the spinal cord is compressed, then paralysis occurs.
- Ischemic syndrome.These are symptoms associated with circulatory disorders.The squeezed arteries lead to pain, especially while walking.The whole leg hurts from the buttocks in the foot, the pelvic organs do not get the proper nutrition, as a result - their function is interrupted.
- Vertebral syndrome.Previous syndromes lead to the fact that the shape of the spinal column changes.Due to constant pain and weakened muscles, distortions of the spine appear.
Treatment methods
Treatment of osteochondrosis of the lumbar region should be performed comprehensive.Main Tasks of Treatment:
- Removal of pain syndrome in the lumbosakral department;
- removal of muscle tension;
- elimination of the causes of radical and ischemic syndromes;
- stimulation of restorative forces of the body;
- Strengthening the motor apparatus at the end of the body.
Treatment
Acute phase medicines are created to relieve the main symptoms: pain, inflammation, root tightening.For these purposes, non -steroidal anti -inflammatory, muscle relaxants, glucocorticoids, blockade are used.Medication treatment is usually used in combination with other procedures.
Massage
Professional massage is one of the best methods for treating spinal diseases.It can be performed in both the clinic and at home.During massage, tissue nutrition is restored, muscle cramps and pain are held.Massage should have high qualifications, as improper actions can worsen the patient's condition, especially during irritation.
Physiotherapy
Physiotherapeutic procedures contribute to the elimination of pain, relaxation of muscles, enlargement of blood vessels.The most effective procedures: electrophoresis, amplulsion, UV exposure, phonophoresis, darsonvalization, magnetotherapy, acupuncture, etc.Some devices can be purchased for home use.
Physical education
Exercise therapy is mainly prescribed during the prayer period, less often in the acute phase.Exercises are selected individually, taking into account the characteristics of the disease flow.They are best performed at a medical institution under the supervision of a specialist, but it is possible at home.
Traditional medicine
Popular remedies help relieve pain and improve blood circulation.Apply different decoctions, infusions, ointments, compresses.From medicinal plants, tongues, birch, burden, sage, plants and many others are used.There are hundreds of recipes, but you need to remember that only a doctor can make recommendations on how to treat the middle osteochondrosis at home.
Surgical treatment
If other methods of treatment have not brought the result, and the patient's condition deteriorates, then surgeon's surgery is needed.During surgery on the back, remove hernia on the disc and it becomes vertebral plastic.
Do not try to choose medicines or exercises yourself at home, this can lead to unpredictable consequences.
Prevention of lumbar osteochondrosis
So, for the unpleasant symptoms of spinal problems not to appear during life, certain rules must be observed:
- Prevent a strong load on the back, if there is such a need, then use a corset;
- Daily do gymnastics at home or in the gym, lead an active lifestyle;
- maintain the right attitude;
- Walk every day;
- Not to be in a sitting position for a long time;
- During the day, relax periodically lying on your back;
- Observe the daily routine;
- abandoning smoking and alcohol;
- Eat properly, monitor weight;
- Treat other back diseases in time.
Products that allow us to strengthen the bones and prevent the development of spinal pathologies:
- Sea fish.
- Olive, linseed oil.
- Natural milk products.
- Gelatin (as part of the dishes, for example, in a cold or jelly).
- Cartilage cartilage.
- Fruit, fresh vegetables.
- Green
- Mineral water.
- Special vitamin-mineral complexes.
Osteochondrosis of the lumbar region can seriously complicate life.Irreversible changes in the spinal column sooner or later will lead to a feeling of pain and restriction of mobility.In order not to lose the ability to move freely and work completely, it is important to get involved in rehabilitation and back strengthening at a young age.If the first symptoms of osteochondrosis appear, in no case should a doctor visit.Only qualified and timely provided with assistance will allow for the maintenance of spine health.